Bismarck State’s AI-Written Plays Show Potential, Flaws of ChatGPT
North Dakota colleges dealing with dramatic changes brought by artificial intelligence.
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Two performers are seated in the middle of the stage, shooting the breeze as they pretend to get ready for an upcoming performance.
鈥淲e never know what the future holds,鈥 one actor laments to his friend. 鈥淚 mean, they thought computers can鈥檛 write poetry or compose music, but now they can.鈥
鈥淭here are AI-generated characters in some places, but nothing can replace the magic of live performance,鈥 the other performer replies.
This one-act, titled 鈥淭heatre Kids At The End of the World,鈥 is one of 16 recently performed by Bismarck State College as part of 鈥淭he AI Plays,鈥 a production reflecting on recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and its implications for ordinary life.
The works are purposely self-referential and introspective, with the actors often playing the role of students, performers or both.
And the whole thing was written by ChatGPT, the famous chatbot by OpenAI.
ChatGPT is primarily a text tool; you tell it to write something, and it whips up an answer. Its ability to handle sophisticated instructions has attracted a level of attention unlike any AI before it.
A study by the Union Bank of Switzerland named ChatGPT the fastest-growing consumer app in history, Reuters .
But that鈥檚 also inspired widespread anxiety, even existential fear, about the future of creative work.
The recent strikes by Hollywood writers and actors, for instance, were spurred in part by concerns that generative AI would sideline creative workers. Both successfully bargained for regulations on how the technology can be used by film and television producers.
In 鈥淭he AI Plays,鈥 students at Bismarck State College Theatre throw their two cents into the debate.
鈥淚 think we, as artists, need to get in front of this,鈥 said Director Dean Bellin, associate professor of technical theater at the Bismarck State College.
The group decided to have ChatGPT write the scripts as an interesting way to show people just how far the technology has come.
He and his students wrote the general outline of each scene. They fed ChatGPT writing prompts based on their real feelings toward AI 鈥 from reverent, to skeptical, to indifferent.
Then, they performed the scripts completely unedited 鈥 quirks and all.
In one scene, a woman chopping vegetables bemoans the constant frustration of living in a world where technology is advancing so quickly. (ChatGPT did not feel it necessary to explain who the woman is or why she was chopping vegetables.)
鈥淚 have seen the rise and fall of Tamagotchi, lived through Y2K, and even managed to scan a QR code鈥 鈥 she pauses, still bent over her cutting board 鈥 鈥 鈥 once.鈥
鈥淎t the rate we鈥檙e going, I鈥檓 afraid I鈥檒l blink, and then my toaster is giving me life advice,鈥 she continues.
Government oversight
Lawmakers in 2023 grappled with definitions, standards and regulation of artificial intelligence, and Congress and more. Senators from both sides of the aisle agree there鈥檚 a need . Legislators and officials in many states are studying the issue and weighing AI legislation in upcoming sessions.
The North Dakota Legislature is also on the bandwagon; this interim session, the Information Technology Committee is researching potential paths for AI investment and regulation.
At its next meeting on Dec. 14, lawmakers will hear from the Department of Public Instruction, the university system, the attorney general鈥檚 office and other groups about the future of AI in the state.
Earlier this year, the statehouse passed a law preventing AI from gaining human rights. (The law extends the same ban to animals, the environment, and inanimate objects.)
Sponsor Rep. Cole Christensen, R-Rogers, told fellow lawmakers during the session the legislation was intended 鈥渢o define personhood and to retain its exclusive rights to human beings.鈥
Several acts explore the concept of AI sentience. In one scene, a medieval court goes on a witch hunt for a robot masquerading among them as a human. The village ultimately accepts the machine with open arms.
Even though the work it produces can be uncannily similar to human writing, tools like ChatGPT don鈥檛 think like people.
ChatGPT and other so-called 鈥済enerative鈥 AI 鈥 like DALL-E, which makes images 鈥 are trained on massive hordes of data that help them approximate human language, photography, art and so on.
But it鈥檚 only an approximation. When ChatGPT asked to write creatively, it鈥檚 often choppy, repetitive and lacking depth.
The dialogue became circular in several scenes of 鈥淭he AI Plays,鈥 with characters making the same two or three points over and over again until a scene ended.
Bellin said he and his students learned a lot about scriptwriting by studying where ChatGPT鈥檚 writing missed the mark.
Bismarck State College isn鈥檛 the first higher ed institution to experiment with AI theater.
This summer, students at University of Wollongong in Australia performed a three-act drama written by ChatGPT, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation .
In that case, the performers may have been a little more involved in the writing process. The show鈥檚 director said he and his students had to tinker with the app quite a bit before it spit out something they liked.
Earthquakes in academia
There are plenty of other reasons why AI may be front-of-mind for colleges and universities 鈥 say, how it makes it easier for students to cheat on homework.
AI may not be good enough to write a flawless essay, but a student might be able to pass ChatGPT-generated work off as their own if they proofread it and introduce a few minor tweaks, Bellin said.
Many higher ed institutions have already adopted policies regulating AI. One survey published in June by UNESCO 鈥 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 鈥 estimated that globally, about 13% of universities have issued official guidance on the technology.
For the moment, the North Dakota University System, of which Bismarck State College is a member, isn鈥檛 one of them.
Not that it isn鈥檛 giving the subject any attention.
In the wake of ChatGPT鈥檚 release, the university system convened a task force to help it navigate the many opportunities and obstacles AI presents to higher ed.
At a Dec. 7 State Board of Higher Education meeting, Chancellor Mark Hagerott urged the University System to invest in AI technology.
He pointed to a handful of other higher ed institutions scrambling to get ahead in what he likened to an 鈥渁rms race.鈥
鈥淲e have to be able to adapt and move and change to the landscape that鈥檚 in front of us,鈥 said Hagerott, who has a background in cyber security. 鈥淎nd we have to plan for the unknown.鈥
In 2020, the University of Florida hired 100 new faculty members to study artificial intelligence. The University of Albany announced this year it would set aside $200 million toward AI. It says it wants to integrate the technology in all of its academic programs. Meanwhile, Arizona State University formed a schoolwide community of practice this fall to figure out how to integrate AI into its classrooms.
鈥淭his is an earthquake,鈥 Hagerott said.
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