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New Hampshire public school teachers and officials would be required to update how they teach reading under a bill heading to Gov. Chris Sununu鈥檚 desk.

, which passed the Senate by voice vote Thursday, would formally implement the 鈥渇ive essential components of reading鈥� into curricula across the state. That teaching process, developed in 1997 by the National Reading Panel, focuses on teaching phonetics rather than older instructional models that allow students to guess words based on visual patterns.

The approach for decades as a more thorough way to teach reading, but not all New Hampshire school districts have implemented it on their own, proponents of the bill say.

鈥淭his bill can ensure all New Hampshire children are afforded reading development and instruction that鈥檚 delivered in a manner that meets their individual abilities and their individual needs,鈥� said Rep. Corrine Cascadden, a Berlin Democrat, in testimony to the Senate.

Under , elementary schools are required to teach literacy up to third grade, instruction that includes 鈥渞eading, writing, speaking, listening, reasoning, and mathematics.鈥�

The bill requires instruction up to fifth grade and adds specific requirements for that instruction. According to the bill, the teaching must be measurable and evidence-based, and must include instruction in the five components: 鈥減honemic awareness, phonics (both decoding and encoding of sounds and words), fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.鈥�

The instruction would need to be aimed at allowing each student to achieve 鈥済rade level literacy,鈥� the bill states.

The bill also expands on the current requirement that schools teach mathematics by requiring 鈥渕athematics reasoning鈥� and 鈥渕athematics calculation鈥� in state statute.

If signed into law, the bill will not take effect until July 2027, which sponsors say is intended to give schools more time to implement it.

Cascadden, a former elementary school principal in Berlin, said she had implemented the five components in 2005, when they were recommended by the state鈥檚 Department of Education at the time. 鈥淲e saw success in the percentage of kids that improved in literacy,鈥� she said.

But she said there has been less emphasis on the practice, and that some schools had since 鈥渇allen by the wayside.鈥�

The bill passed the House nearly unanimously in March, 365-9.

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