蜜桃影视

Chicago public school officials that enrollment over the past year had continued a nearly two-decade downward trend, declining by about 10,000 students. Roughly 371,000 students now attend the city鈥檚 schools, a 15 percent drop since 2002.

If America鈥檚 demographic change is a river flowing southwest, the news was a soft lapping against the banks. Throughout the Northeast and Midwest, and in older cities across the country, urban districts have been losing students for years. (Rural districts, too.)

Social scientists have produced prodigious research about the broad trends that affect enrollment 鈥� including birth rates, immigration, and shifting job markets 鈥� but education policy doesn鈥檛 seem to have caught up yet with at least two new challenges: the and rethinking how students are assigned to schools in shrinking districts.

To be sure, the school population nationally is growing. Between 2000 and 2015, enrollment increased roughly 6 percent, to 50.5 million; nine states, most Western, enjoyed enrollment growth of 15 percent or more. But Chicago鈥檚 experience is typical of many cities and states: New York City lost 70,000 students between 2000 and 2014 鈥� about 7 percent of the district 鈥� even as the city鈥檚 overall population grew. Enrollment in Los Angeles Unified School District has fallen by 7 percent since 2010.

Cities hit harder by economic change and smaller cities have higher percentage changes: The public schools in Manchester, New Hampshire, suffered a 16 percent enrollment decline over a 10-year period, ending in 2014; enrollment went down 21 percent in Hartford, Connecticut, over a decade, ending in 2016.

Detroit, the Job of school districts, has experienced a 72 percent dip in enrollment over the last quarter-century, overshadowing nearby Flint, where enrollment plummeted from 26,000 to 4,806 during the same period. Total enrollment in Michigan鈥檚 public schools is at its lowest since the 1950s, reported.

The declining numbers point to 鈥� but aren鈥檛 a primary cause of 鈥� what it means to be poor in the U.S. today. of CityLab reports that between 2000 and 2011, the population living in poverty in cities rose by 29 percent, while the population living in poverty in the suburbs of metropolitan areas across the country rose by 64 percent. More poor people live in suburbs (16.4 million) than in cities (13.4 million).

Elizabeth Kneebone, a non-resident fellow at the Brookings Institution who has written about , told Badger, 鈥淥ften when we talk about rising suburban poverty, people automatically think about, 鈥榃ell, who鈥檚 moving into these neighborhoods?鈥� 鈥�

鈥淏ut it鈥檚 not just people moving in,鈥� she said. 鈥淭here have been two downturns in the last decade, and long-running structural changes in the economy, finding a lot of longtime suburban residents growing poorer, slipping down the economic ladder.鈥�

鈥淭he geography of poverty has changed,鈥� a professor of public policy at the University of Washington, but programs targeting poverty still focus on cities or use urban approaches that depend on factors like easy access to transportation. Kneebone notes that suburban schools need more support and expertise in educating increasingly disadvantaged populations.

Meanwhile, many cities with declining enrollment face the politically arduous task of closing or consolidating now-underutilized schools. Facing a billion-dollar shortfall in 2013, Chicago closed 47 schools amid intense criticism. The city鈥檚 displaced students were enrolled in but if depopulation makes closure and consolidation more common in urban spaces, district leaders 鈥� like their suburban peers 鈥� will need a new set of skills.

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