(Read our full report: 4 Things to Know About Jeb Bush’s Education Platform)

Long known for his battles with teachers unions as an entity and with individual teachers at meetings and town halls throughout the Garden State, Christie hasn’t backed down from his criticism. Last month on CNN, the New Jersey governor said the American Federation of Teachers deserves “a punch in the face.” He went on to add:

(Read our full report: 5 Things to Know About Chris Christie Ahead of the NH Summit)

Although the former Hewlett Packard CEO has a less extensive record on education than the others at the summit, she has been vocal about her opposition to Common Core and her support for provisions in recently passed GOP bills to overhaul No Child Left Behind. She wrote about it for the Iowa Republican.

The Louisiana governor pushed an ambitious education reform agenda in his state, expanding vouchers and overhauling teacher tenure laws. Jindal also opposes Common Core, and went so far as to sue the federal Education Department and Secretary Arne Duncan over it. He wrote about his then-newfound opposition to Common Core in USA Today in 2014.

(Read our full report:  3 Things to Know About Bobby Jindal’s Education Platform Ahead of Our NH Summit)

Kasich, the governor of Ohio, advocated for a state school funding formula that sent more money to poor districts than wealthy ones. He did not succeed but reached a compromise with legislators that boosted overall spending by $950 million and raised per-pupil aid.

(Read our full report: 4 Things to Know About John Kasich’s Education Platform Ahead of 蜜桃影视 Summit)

The latest budget Walker signed as Wisconsin governor expands the state’s voucher program, lifting caps from 1,000 students statewide to a set percentage of students in each district, a figure that is set to grow each year. He has in the past called vouchers a “moral imperative.”

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Christie in June released a for education reform at both the K-12 and higher education levels. For elementary and secondary education, he called for tenure overhaul, performance-based pay, transitional courses for students who are unlikely to be ready for college courses, greater school choice and more charter schools.

Although his K-12 proposals largely reflect broad GOP principles, his higher ed proposals, some of which overlap with President Obama’s, aren’t as popular, the.

Christie has tangled with unions in New Jersey since even before he took the governor’s mansion in 2010. Unions spent $3 million to support Christie’s opponent, , which has a rundown of the governor’s battles with the unions broadly and with individual teachers from 2010 to 2013.

Christie most recently said the American Federation of Teachers, which has already endorsed Democrat Hillary Clinton, deserves “a punch in the face,”.

Once a Common Core supporter, Christie grew skeptical of the standards, announcing a commission to study the standards and saying he had “grave concerns” about them. Earlier this summer he announced that he would assemble a group to write new standards for New Jersey,.

“We cannot and should not rest,” he said during his. “More school reform is needed, and a great first step would be to pass the Opportunity Scholarship Act, to give parents a choice of a school that meets their child’s needs. Let’s give families an alternative to chronically failing neighborhood schools. Let’s keep driving for better outcomes. Let’s give parents and students more choice.”

New Jersey lawmakers and unions came to what the a “remarkable compromise” in 2012, making it easier for schools to fire ineffective teachers but failing to end a last-in, first-out policy in the case of layoffs. The agreement also required teachers to have four years in the classroom and high marks on evaluations to receive tenure, instead of just three years teaching.

Although Christie had pushed to end seniority protections and once said he wouldn’t sign a bill that didn’t end LIFO, he ultimately signed the compromise, calling it a “great day for good teachers,”.

Fiorina opposes the Common Core, saying it is driven from Washington, and comparing it to national standards used in China. She discussed the issue in a May. In response to host Chris Wallace’s argument that the standards were developed by governors and state school chiefs, she said:

Fiorina wrote an last month detailing her views on education. In the piece, she called for a reduced federal role, greater choice and an end to the Common Core. Fiorina also discussed ongoing negotiations to rewrite No Child Left Behind:

Although she’s now firmly in the camp of less federal intervention, Fiorina once praised the Race to the Top program, often cited as a driver for states to adopt the Common Core, . In a , Fiorina praised “internationally benchmarked standards and assessments to help our students graduate high school prepared with the necessary skills to succeed in our 21st century economy.”

Jindal earlier this year released a , calling for greater school choice, tenure reform and “educator freedom,” primarily ending the Common Core. The two-term governor of Louisiana has tackled all of these issues in his home state.

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In advance of the event (which will be live streamed here), here are three things to know about Jindal’s record in Louisiana and his K-12 platform. (Don’t forget to check out Jindal’s baseball card.)

Jindal is one of several GOP contenders who flipped his position on Common Core. As  in rating his position as a “full flop,” Louisiana adopted the standards in 2009 with Jindal’s blessing, and he appointed Core advocate John White to the state superintendent job the next year.

He maintained that support through the spring of 2014, when he backed away from the standards in an , citing increasing federal involvement and opposition from parents:

Jindal didn’t just speak out against the standards, though. He sued the federal Education Department and Secretary Arne Duncan last summer, arguing the department illegally coerced states into adopting them, .

And he made several attempts to have Louisiana back out of the standards, including . His move to suspend contracts with test providers set off an unsuccessful  with the state education board.  He  earlier this year to a  under which the state education board will review and possibly rewrite the standards, which will be open for public comment, the Times Picayune reported. The review will occur in 2016, after Jindal has left office.

Louisiana adopted a program that gave scholarships to children whose schools received a C, D or F grade, but a state court ruled the program unconstitutional because it was paid for with funds earmarked for public education, .

The Justice Department, citing a 1975 desegregation order banning Louisiana from paying for tuition at private schools that discriminate on the basis of race, sued in 2013 to stop new vouchers unless the state got the permission of a federal court. The feds have since dropped that demand and are instead seeking to monitor the program via regular information from the state, . The case is currently pending in federal court.

Those provisions, too, were challenged in court. The Louisiana teachers union said they violated a state prohibition on including more than one topic in a bill. The state Supreme Court in 2014 ruled the law constitutional, saying the union failed to show that Jindal’s many provisions amounted to a “grave and palpable conflict” with the one-object rule, . But separately, teachers argued that the law violated their due process protections, and in February of this year, a state appeals court ruled in favor of a teacher who had been fired under the law, .

Kasich, with Florida Gov. Jeb Bush, is one of two GOP candidates in the race still supporting the Common Core. He backed the standards  in January. Just ahead of his campaign announcement last month he told voters in New Hampshire, “Whether unpopular or not, I am going to make sure at least in my state that standards are high and local control is maintained,” . Ohio has, however, pulled out of the PARCC testing consortium, with Kasich’s blessing.

Kasich this year proposed a school funding formula that would send more money from wealthier districts to poorer ones, .  He reasoned that districts with lower property tax values and lower incomes have less capacity to raise funds themselves. “It is a conservative point of view that every kid should be in a position to thrive,” he said. “I don’t see it as redistribution…I see it as a formula for driving resources to kids.”

A final compromise with legislators boosted overall spending by $950 million and raised per-pupil aid, and also guaranteed that no district would receive less aid than it did last year, .

The fight over school funding likely isn’t over, though. Kasich vetoed an $80 million pool of money in this year’s state budget designed to ensure schools didn’t see a dip in funding from an eliminated personal property tax. But state legislators aren’t happy with that action, and may discuss overriding the veto or proposing new legislation to counteract it when they return to session next month, .

The number of available school vouchers has skyrocketed under Kasich’s tenure, from 14,000 in the 2006-07 school year to 64,000 in the school year that just ended. Students in the lowest-performing schools across the state are eligible, regardless of their family’s income. Yet for all the available slots, fewer than one-third were used last school year, . Supporters said that could mean parents are happy with their traditional public schools rather than a sign that the program’s a failure.

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The charter sector in Ohio has been criticized for academic, financial and ethical issues, "It's quite a morass," State Auditor Dave Yost between real and reported head counts at charters, which are paid based on enrollments.

Recently, School Choice Director , having admitted to leaving out failing grades for some charter management groups. Hansen’s wife, , is Kasich’s former chief of staff and his 2016 campaign manager. The governor said recently that he doesn’t see a need for a special investigation into the issue. “I mean, the guy is gone. He’s gone,” Kasich said, . “We don’t tolerate any sort of not open and direct communication about charter schools, and everybody gets it. So that’s kind of the end of it.”

Kasich did, however, express an interest in overhauling Ohio’s education board, calling it “extremely partisan” and “very polarized and divided.” The board has 19 members, 11 elected and eight appointed by the governor, and hires and fires the state superintendent, . Seven of those members called for an investigation into the charter schools data issue. Kasich said the governor should pick the education leader. Every governor has called for overhauling the board since it was created in the 1950s.

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Florida had a voucher program for children in failing schools; the state Supreme Court overturned it in 2006 on the grounds that the state constitution bars state financing of a separate private education system,.

The state instead implemented a system of vouchers funded by businesses, which then received equivalent tax credits. Teachers and others sued to block the new program, but a judge in May, saying they didn’t have standing to challenge the program. Backers said that if the program shuts down, 70,000 students would have to be re-absorbed into public schools at a greater cost than is being spent to educate them in private schools, the.

—  authored by a fellow from the ultra-conservative Heritage Foundation —  detailing Florida students’ outcomes in the wake of the “Florida formula.” The foundation’s research found strong test scores overall, particularly for black, Hispanic and poor students. Teachers unions and other opponents said students were simply better at taking tests — not better at learning — and that the voucher program in particular took needed money from public schools.

Valerie Strauss, a blogger for The Washington Post, in an  with professor Sherman Dorn, also challenged those purported successes.  Although Florida children made unambiguous gains in fourth-grade reading, NAEP (National Assessment of Educational Progress) test scores in fourth-grade math and eighth-grade reading and math didn’t show similar gains, according to Dorn.

After he left the Florida governor’s mansion in 2007, Bush formed the Foundation for Excellence in Education. in January detailing the foundation’s work to pass parts of the “Florida formula” nationwide: charter schools, A-to-F school grades, vouchers, third-grade literacy requirements and online learning. In many respects, the group’s work is paying off. A number of states have instituted third-grade literacy requirements, . Many are expanding charter schools and voucher programs.

Bush stepped down from the group in January (Condoleezza Rice is now at the helm), and the foundation released donor information for all of those who gave more than $5,000,.

Many of the same individuals and foundations that donated to the Foundation for Excellence in Education are also supporters of The Seventy Four.

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Wisconsin implemented the standards before Walker became governor, and he initially backed their use before later calling on the legislature to repeal them. In his 2014 reelection campaign, he vowed to repeal the standards, a pledge  as “stalled.” Instead, he inserted a provision into his budget that allows districts to opt out of using the standards — a right that already existed in Wisconsin law.

The budget Walker signed July 12 lifts the cap on Wisconsin’s voucher programs from 1,000 students statewide to one percent of students in a given school district. That cap will continue to increase one percentage point every year for 10 years, until there is no cap. Special education students who can’t access open enrollment programs in other districts can use the voucher programs as well, the .

The final state budget doesn’t contain a  Walker had initially proposed. Instead, school funding will remain mostly flat for 2015 and increase $69 million next school year. But because Wisconsin schools don’t have the authority to increase spending, most new aid will have to be returned to taxpayers through property tax cuts.

Complicating the funding issue for districts is the expanded voucher program cited above. The new vouchers may cause an increase in property taxes, . State law ties property taxes to enrollment; students who attended private school paid for by their parents or other private funding previously weren’t counted as “enrolled” in their home districts. They now will be, with vouchers paid for from regular district funding.

Wisconsin’s nonpartisan legislative research office estimated taxes will increase statewide by $21 million this school year and $23.5 million in the 2016-17 year.

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Wisconsin used federal Race to the Top money it received in 2012 to , but Walker chose not to apply for the latest round of preschool expansion grants, which were issued in late 2014. That move was challenged by Democrats .

Wisconsin’s home-school community is a prominent force in state politics, and a key constituency in GOP primaries. As reported , Walker has long courted  homeschoolers, becoming a vocal advocate for homeschooling as a valid form of education and expressing a deep affection for parents who make the choice to teach their kids at home. Those aligned with Wisconsin’s Christian homeschooling movement love the governor, while leaders of the Wisconsin Parents Association say he hasn’t done enough to back out of the Common Core.

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